A Controlled-Release Nanofertilizer Improves Tomato Growth and Minimizes Nitrogen Consumption

Minimizing the consumption of agrochemicals, particularly nitrogen, is ultimate goal for achieving sustainable agricultural production with low cost and high economic environmental returns. The use biopolymers instead petroleum-based synthetic polymers CRFs can significantly improve sustainability crop since are biodegradable not harmful to soil quality. Lignin one most abundant that naturally exist.In this study, controlled-release fertilizers were developed using a biobased nanocomposite lignin bentonite clay mineral as coating material urea increase nitrogen efficiency. Five types (CRU) prepared two ratios modified well techniques. efficiency five nano-urea in improving growth tomato plants was studied under field conditions. CRU applied at three N levels representing 100, 50, 25% recommended dose conventional urea. results showed all treatments enhanced plant parameters, including height, number leaves, fresh weight, dry compared control. Additionally, increased total yield fruit characteristics (weight, length, diameter) marketable improved by fertilizers. Fruit firmness acidity 25 50% much higher than both 100% treatment vitamin C values lower Nitrogen uptake efficiencies (NUpE) 47–88%, which control (33%). In conclusion, an level better growth, yield, quality tomatoes fertilizer.